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Martha Raye (b. August 27, 1916, d. 1994)
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Born in the charity ward of a hospital, where her touring vaudeville
parents had found themselves stranded. By the time she was three
she had joined the family act and at 13 she was a specialty singer
with a band. She was a 19-year-old veteran of the stage and nightclubs
when she broke into films in 1935. A zestful, boisterous comedienne
with a huge elastic mouth and forceful lungs, she enlivened many
a light film with her zany antics. Most of her roles were in minor
Hollywood productions.
The notable exception was in Chaplin's MONSIEUR VERDOUX (1947), in
which she was highly entertaining as an indestructible intended murder
victim. After that, she made only rare film appearances but continued
performing energetically in nightclubs and burlesque shows and on TV.
In 1967 she replaced Ginger Rogers in Hello, Dolly! on Broadway and in
1972 took over a lead in the revival of No No Nanette.
Most of all, she is known for her morale-boosting excursions into
the battlefronts of WWII, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. She received
Presidential praise and a special 1969 Academy Award for entertaining
troops in the latter war. She has been married and divorced six times.
Among her former husbands were makeup man Bud Westmore and composer-conductor
David Rose.
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